What are the key steps in a Korean skincare routine?

A Korean skincare routine is known for its multi-step process that focuses on nourishing and maintaining healthy skin. While the number of steps can vary, a typical Korean skincare routine includes the following key steps:

1. Oil Cleanser: The first step is to remove makeup, sunscreen, and other impurities using an oil-based cleanser. This helps to break down makeup and oils.
2. Water-Based Cleanser: After the oil cleanser, a water-based or foam cleanser is used to remove any remaining impurities, leaving the skin clean and refreshed.
3. Exfoliation (2-3 times a week): This step helps to remove dead skin cells and promote cell turnover. Physical exfoliants (scrubs) or chemical exfoliants (AHAs/BHAs) can be used depending on your skin type.
4. Toner: A toner balances the skin’s pH level and prepares it for better absorption of the next skincare products. It can also hydrate or provide additional treatment depending on the formula.
5. Essence: Essences are lightweight, hydrating liquids that help with skin repair and provide a base for better absorption of serums and other treatments.
6. Serum / Ampoule: Serums and ampoules are concentrated treatments designed to address specific skin concerns such as acne, pigmentation, fine lines, or dehydration.
7. Sheet Mask (1-2 times a week): Sheet masks are typically used once or twice a week to provide intense hydration and skin treatment. These masks are soaked in serums that target specific skin concerns.
8. Eye Cream: A targeted treatment for the delicate skin around the eyes, often used to address puffiness, dark circles, and fine lines.
9. Moisturizer: This step locks in moisture and keeps the skin hydrated. Depending on skin type, this can be a cream, gel, or lotion.
10. Sunscreen (Morning only): Sunscreen is an essential final step to protect the skin from harmful UV rays and prevent premature aging and skin damage.